[Application of microwave vacuum drying with process management in extract drying of personalized traditional Chinese medicine preparations].

Extracts are important intermediates in the production of traditional Chinese medicines preparations. The drying effect of extracts will directly affect the subsequent production process and the quality of the preparation. To meet the requirements of high drug loading, short time consumption, and simple production process of personalized traditional Chinese medicine preparations, this study explored the application of multi-program microwave vacuum drying process in the extract drying of personalized traditional Chinese medicine preparations. The influencing factors of microwave vacuum drying process were investigated for 5 excipients and 40 prescriptions. Taking the feasibility of drying, drying rate, drying time, and dried extract status as indicators, this study investigated the feeding requirements of microwave vacuum drying. With the dried extract status as the evaluation indicator, the three drying programs(A, B, and C) were compared to obtain the optimal drying condition. The experimental results showed that the optimal feeding conditions for microwave vacuum drying were material layer thickness of 2 cm and C program(a total of 7 drying processes), which solved the problem of easy scorching in microwave drying with process management. Furthermore, the preset moisture content of the dried extract in microwave drying should be 4%-5%, so that the dried extract of traditional Chinese medicine preparation had uniform quality, complete drying, and no scorching. This study lays a foundation for the application of microwave drying in the production of traditional Chinese medicine preparations, promoting the high-quality development of personalized traditional Chinese medicine preparations.

RER-YOLO: improved method for surface defect detection of aluminum ingot alloy based on YOLOv5.

Aluminum ingot alloy is one of the commonly used materials in industrial production and intelligent manufacturing, whose quality directly affects the performance of aluminum processed products. Therefore, the inspection of surface defects of aluminum ingot alloy is extremely valuable for actual industrial engineering. Aiming at the issues of low detecting precision and the slowly processing rate thatexisted in the traditional target detection methods for aluminum ingot alloy dataset, the YOLOv5-based improvement model RER-YOLO is proposed. Firstly, the aluminum ingot alloy dataset is coped with the image pretreatment methods of rotation, translation, contrast and brightness transformations in a random combination so as to boost the capacity of generalization for model training. Secondly, a multi-scale characteristic extraction network block (Res2Net) is utilized to take the place of the C3 block in the previous YOLOv5 to augment the model's ability that can accurately extract rich features. Finally, an over-parameterization-based re-parameterized convolutional block is utilized in place of the 3×3 convolutional blocks in the Res2Net residual block and baseline model, enlarging the search space of the network and boosting the model's fitting ability while maintaining inference rate. The comparison experimental results demonstrate that the RER-YOLO reaches a mean average precision of 75.1% on the aluminum ingot alloy dataset, which is higher 4.9% than the conventional YOLOv5 and does not increase the inference delay. It also improves the detection accuracy by 12.7% for burr defects, which are fewer in number in the dataset and the defect features are difficult to extract. It can be seen that the presented model in this study has an important reference value towards detecting surface defects in aluminum ingot alloy.

Prognostic value of pre-treatment [18F] FDG PET/CT in recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma without distant metastasis.

BACKGROUND: [18 F]-Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) has the ability to detect local and/or regional recurrence as well as distant metastasis. We aimed to evaluate the prognosis value of PET/CT in locoregional recurrent nasopharyngeal (lrNPC). METHODS: A total of 451 eligible patients diagnosed with recurrent I-IVA (rI-IVA) NPC between April 2009 and December 2015 were retrospectively included in this study. The differences in overall survival (OS) of lrNPC patients with and without PET/CT were compared in the I-II, III-IVA, r0-II, and rIII-IVA cohorts, which were grouped by initial staging and recurrent staging (according to MRI). RESULTS: In the III-IVA and rIII-IVA NPC patients, with PET/CT exhibited significantly higher OS rates in the univariate analysis (P = 0.045; P = 0.009; respectively). Multivariate analysis revealed that with PET/CT was an independent predictor of OS in the rIII-IVA cohort (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.476; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.267 to 0.847; P = 0.012). In the rIII-IVA NPC, patients receiving PET/CT sacns before salvage surgery had a better prognosis compared with MRI alone (P = 0.036). The recurrent stage (based on PET/CT) was an independent predictor of OS. (r0-II versus [vs]. rIII-IVA; HR = 0.376; 95% CI: 0.150 to 0.938; P = 0.036). CONCLUSION: The present study showed that with PET/CT could improve overall survival for rIII-IVA NPC patients. PET/CT appears to be an effective method for assessing rTNM staging.

Effects of different exercise interventions on chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment in patients with breast cancer: a study protocol for systematic review and network meta-analysis.

INTRODUCTION: Breast cancer stands as the most prevalent type of cancer affecting women globally, and chemotherapy plays a pivotal role in its treatment by diminishing tumour recurrence and enhancing the survival rates of patients. However, chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) often occurs in patients undergoing treatment. Although multiple clinical trials have indicated that exercise therapy can improve CRCI in patients with breast cancer, there are variations in the types of exercise interventions and their effectiveness. We aim to perform a pioneering network meta-analysis (NMA) to assess and prioritise the effectiveness of various exercise interventions in enhancing cognitive function in patients with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: We will search multiple databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, VIP Database for Chinese Technical Periodicals, Wanfang and Sinomed databases, from their inception to May 2023. The main outcome is the cognitive function changes in patients with breast cancer, including subjective and objective results. We will specifically include randomised controlled trials reported in English and Chinese languages, whose primary outcome consists of an assessment of the cognitive function of patients with breast cancer using standardised and validated assessment tools, encompassing both subjective and objective outcomes. The quality of all the trials included will be evaluated based on 'Version 2 of the Cochrane tool for assessing the risk of bias in randomized controlled trials (RoB2)'. We will conduct a Bayesian NMA to thoroughly evaluate and compare the effectiveness of different exercise interventions. We will use cumulative ranking probability plots to estimate the ranking of the best interventions for various exercises. Network plots and funnel plots will be employed to display the study sizes and participants of each exercise intervention, as well as potential publication biases. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The study findings will be shared via peer-reviewed journals to ensure the highest quality and credibility of the research. As the reporting will not include any private patient data, there are no ethical considerations associated with this protocol. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42023406597.

Prostate cancer-associated transcript 6 (PCAT6) promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition and stemness and worsens prognosis in patients with colorectal cancer.

Approximately 20% of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients are first diagnosed with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) because they develop symptoms at an advanced stage. Despite advancements in treatment, patients with metastatic disease still experience inferior survival rates. Our objective is to investigate the association between long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and prognosis and to explore their role in mCRC. In this study, we find that elevated expression of PCAT6 is independently linked to unfavourable survival outcomes in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data, and this finding is further confirmed in CRC samples obtained from Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center. Cell lines and xenograft mouse models are used to examine the impact of PCAT6 on tumor metastasis. Knockdown of PCAT6 is observed to impede the metastatic phenotype of CRC, as evidenced by functional assays, demonstrating the suppression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and stemness. Our findings show the significance of PCAT6 in mCRC and its potential use as a prognostic biomarker.

Synthesis of Spiro Polycyclic N-Heterocycles and Indolecarbazoles via Merging Oxidative Coupling and Cascade Palladium-Catalyzed Intramolecular Oxidative Cyclization.

We report a step-economic strategy for the direct synthesis of spiro polycyclic N-heterocycles and indolecarbazole-fused naphthoquinones by merging oxidative coupling and cascade palladium-catalyzed intramolecular oxidative cyclization. In the protocol, bi-indolylnaphthoquinones were first synthesized by oxidative coupling of indoles and naphthoquinones. Subsequent cascade palladium-catalyzed intramolecular oxidative cyclization of bi-indolylnaphthoquinones gave spiro polycyclic N-heterocycles and indolecarbazoles. The intramolecular oxidative cyclization approach could also be realized by the presence or absence of iron catalysts under standard conditions. This protocol is featured with moderate to excellent yields, a wide substrate scope, and divergent structures of products.

Solution-Processable Low-Voltage Carbon Nanotube Field-Effect Transistors with High-k Relaxor Ferroelectric Polymer Gate Insulator.

Achieving energy-efficient and high-performance field-effect transistors (FETs) is one of the most important goals for future electronic devices. This paper reports semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotube FETs (s-SWNT-FETs) with an optimized high-k relaxor ferroelectric insulator P(VDF-TrFE-CFE) thickness for low-voltage operation. The s-SWNT-FETs with an optimized thickness (~ 800 nm) of the high-k insulator exhibited the highest average mobility of 14.4 cm2V-1s-1at the drain voltage (ID) of 1 V, with a high current on/off ratio (Ion/off>105). The optimized device performance resulted from the suppressed gate leakage current (IG) and a sufficiently large capacitance (> 50 nFcm-2) of the insulating layer. Despite the extremely high capacitance (> 100 nFcm-2) of the insulating layer, an insufficient thickness (< 450 nm) induces a high IG, leading to reduced IDand mobility of s-SWNT-FETs. Conversely, an overly thick insulator (> 1200 nm) cannot introduce sufficient capacitance, resulting in limited device performance. The large capacitance and sufficient breakdown voltage of the insulating layer with an appropriate thickness significantly improved p-type performance. However, a reduced n-type performance was observed owing to the increased electron trap density caused by fluorine proportional to the insulator thickness. Hence, precise control of the insulator thickness is crucial for achieving low-voltage operation with enhanced s-SWNT-FET performance.

Ultralow-power optoelectronic synaptic transistors based on polyzwitterion dielectrics for in-sensor reservoir computing.

Bio-inspired transistor synapses use solid electrolytes to achieve low-power operation and rich synaptic behaviors via ion diffusion and trapping. While these neuromorphic devices hold great promise, they still suffer from challenges such as high leakage currents and power consumption, electrolysis risk, and irreversible conductance changes due to long-range ion migrations and permanent ion trapping. In addition, their response to light is generally limited because of "exciton-polaron quenching", which restricts their potential in in-sensor neuromorphic visions. To address these issues, we propose replacing solid electrolytes with polyzwitterions, where the cation and anion are covalently concatenated via a flexible alkyl chain, thus preventing long-range ion migrations while inducing good photoresponses to the transistors via interfacial charge trapping. Our detailed studies reveal that polyzwitterion-based transistors exhibit optoelectronic synaptic behavior with ultralow-power consumption (~250 aJ per spike) and enable high-performance in-sensor reservoir computing, achieving 95.56% accuracy in perceiving the trajectory of moving basketballs.

ScRNA-seq of gastric cancer tissues reveals differences in the immune microenvironment of primary tumors and metastases.

Gastric carcinoma (GC) is regarded as one of the deadliest cancer characterized by diversity and haste metastasis and suffers limited understanding of the spatial variation between primary and metastatic GC tumors. In this project, transcriptome analysis on 46 primary tumorous, adjacent non-tumorous, and metastatic GC tissues was performed. The results demonstrated that metastatic tumorous tissues had diminished CD8+ T cells compared to primary tumors, which is mechanistically attributed to being due to innate immunity differences represented by marked differences in macrophages between metastatic and primary tumors, particularly those expressing ApoE, where their abundance is linked to unfavorable prognoses. Examining variations in gene expression and interactions indicated possible strategies of immune evasion hindering the growth of CD8+ T cells in metastatic tumor tissues. More insights could be gained into the immune evasion mechanisms by portraying information about the GC ecosystem.

Claudin18.2 expression and its clinicopathological feature in adenocarcinoma from various parts.

AIMS: To clarify claudin18.2 expression and its clinicopathological features in various cancers, especially in lung adenocarcinoma. METHODS: Immunohistochemistry staining and fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) were performed to detect claudin18.2 expression and CLDN18 gene rearrangement in adenocarcinoma from different organs. RESULTS: The results showed that claudin18.2 expression was found in 68% (27 of 40) of lung mucinous adenocarcinoma, 52% (16 of 31) of cholangiocarcinoma, 2% (10 of 423) of colorectal adenocarcinoma tissue microarray, 27% (6 of 22) of colorectal mucinous adenocarcinoma and 30% (3 of 10) of cervical adenocarcinoma, but not in all 39 cases of invasive breast adenocarcinoma by immunohistochemistry staining. There was significantly positive correlation between ratio of claudin18.2-positive carcinoma cells and staining intensity in lung mucinous adenocarcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma. Claudin18.2 expression was much more in female patients than male patients with lung mucinous adenocarcinoma. In addition, cholangiocarcinoma with claudin18.2 expression was more aggressive and had perineural invasion. Intraductal papillary neoplasm of the bile duct and epithelial dysplasia of the adjacent bile in cholangiocarcinoma also showed claudin18.2 expression. All three cases of cervical adenocarcinoma with claudin18.2 expression were moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma including one human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated carcinoma, two non-HPV-associated and gastric-type carcinoma. CLDN18 gene rearrangement was not found in all 22 cases with high claudin18.2 expression by FISH. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest claudin18.2 might be a potential biomarker for targeted therapy on lung mucinous adenocarcinoma, cholangiocarcinoma, colorectal mucinous adenocarcinoma and gastric-type cervical adenocarcinoma.

Giant Modulation of the Second Harmonic Generation by Magnetoelectricity in Two-Dimensional Multiferroic CuCrP2S6.

Multiferroic materials have attracted considerable attention owing to their unique magnetoelectric or magnetooptical properties. The recent discovery of few-layer van der Waals multiferroic crystals provides a new research direction for controlling the multiferroic properties in the atomic layer limit. However, research on few-layer multiferroic crystals is limited and the effect of thickness-dependent symmetries on those properties is less explored. In this study, the symmetries and magnetoelectric responses of van der Waals multiferroic CuCrP2S6 are investigated by optical second harmonic generation (SHG). Structural and magnetic phase transitions are successfully probed by the temperature-dependent SHG signals, revealing significant changes by applying the magnetic field reflecting the magnetoelectric effect. Moreover, it is found that symmetries and resultant magnetoelectric responses can be modulated by the number of layers. These results offer a new principle of controlling the multiferroicity and indicate that 2D van der Waals multiferroic material is a promising building block for functional nanodevices.

Inhibition of lysyl oxidase by pharmacological intervention and genetic manipulation alleviates epilepsy-associated cognitive disorder.

Epilepsy-associated cognitive disorder (ECD), a prevalent comorbidity in epilepsy patients, has so far uncharacterized etiological origins. Our prior work revealed that lysyl oxidase (Lox) acted as a novel contributor of ferroptosis, a recently discovered cell death mode in the regulation of brain function. However, the role of Lox-mediated ferroptosis in ECD remains unknown. ECD mouse model was established 2 months later following a single injection of kainic acid (KA) for. After chronic treatment with KA, mice were treated with different doses (30 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg and 300 mg/kg) of Lox inhibitor BAPN. Additionally, hippocampal-specific Lox knockout mice was also constructed and employed to validate the role of Lox in ECD. Cognitive functions were assessed using novel object recognition test (NOR) and Morris water maze test (MWM). Protein expression of phosphorylated cAMP-response element binding (CREB), a well-known molecular marker for evaluation of cognitive performance, was also detected by Western blot. The protein distribution of Lox was analyzed by immunofluorescence. In KA-induced ECD mouse model, ferroptosis process was activated according to upregulation of 4-HNE protein and a previously discovered ferroptosis in our group, namely, Lox was remarkably increased. Pharmacological inhibition of Lox by BAPN at the dose of 100 mg/kg significantly increased the discrimination index following NOR test and decreased escape latency as well as augmented passing times within 60 s following MWM test in ECD mouse model. Additionally, deficiency of Lox in hippocampus also led to pronounced improvement of deficits in ECD model. These findings indicate that the ferroptosis regulatory factor, Lox, is activated in ECD. Ablation of Lox by either pharmacological intervention or genetic manipulation ameliorates the impairment in ECD mouse model, which suggest that Lox serves as a promising therapeutic target for treating ECD in clinic.

Regulation of the AGEs-induced inflammatory response in human periodontal ligament cells via the AMPK/NF-κB/ NLRP3 signaling pathway.

The heightened prevalence and accelerated progression of periodontitis in individuals with diabetes is primarily attributed to inflammatory responses in human periodontal ligament cells (HPDLCs). This study is aimed at delineating the regulatory mechanism of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptors (NLRs) in mediating inflammation incited by muramyl dipeptide (MDP) in HPDLCs, under the influence of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), metabolic by-products associated with diabetes. We performed RNA-seq in HPDLCs induced by AGEs treatment and delineated activation markers for the receptor of AGEs (RAGE). It showed that advanced glycation end products modulate inflammatory responses in HPDLCs by activating NLRP1 and NLRP3 inflammasomes, which are further regulated through the NF-κB signaling pathway. Furthermore, AGEs synergize with NOD2, NLRP1, and NLRP3 inflammasomes to augment MDP-induced inflammation significantly.

Evaluation of a novel model incorporating serological indicators into the conventional TNM staging system for nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: Non-anatomical factors significantly affect treatment guidance and prognostic prediction in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients. Here, we developed a novel survival model by combining conventional TNM staging and serological indicators. METHODS: We retrospectively enrolled 10,914 eligible patients with nonmetastatic NPC over 2009-2017 and randomly divided them into training (n = 7672) and validation (n = 3242) cohorts. The new staging system was constructed based on T category, N category, and pretreatment serological markers by using recursive partitioning analysis (RPA). RESULTS: In multivariate Cox analysis, pretreatment cell-free Epstein-Barr virus (cfEBV) DNA levels of >2000 copies/mL [HROS (95 % CI) = 1.78 (1.57-2.02)], elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels [HROS (95 % CI) = 1.64 (1.41-1.92)], and C-reactive protein-to-albumin ratio (CAR) of >0.04 [HROS (95 % CI) = 1.20 (1.07-1.34)] were associated with negative prognosis (all P < 0.05). Through RPA, we stratified patients into four risk groups: RPA I (n = 3209), RPA II (n = 2063), RPA III (n = 1263), and RPA IV (n = 1137), with 5-year overall survival (OS) rates of 93.2 %, 86.0 %, 80.6 %, and 71.9 % (all P < 0.001), respectively. Compared with the TNM staging system (eighth edition), RPA risk grouping demonstrated higher prognostic prediction efficacy in the training [area under the curve (AUC) = 0.661 vs. 0.631, P < 0.001] and validation (AUC = 0.687 vs. 0.654, P = 0.001) cohorts. Furthermore, our model could distinguish sensitive patients suitable for induction chemotherapy well. CONCLUSION: Our novel RPA staging model outperformed the current TNM staging system in prognostic prediction and clinical decision-making. We recommend incorporating cfEBV DNA, LDH, and CAR into the TNM staging system.

Orientation of graphene nanosheets in suspension under an electric field: theoretical model and molecular dynamic simulations.

Orientation regulation of nanoparticles in a suspension by an electric field is a powerful tool to tune its mechanical, thermal, optical, electrical properties etc. However, how molecular modification can affect the orientation of two-dimensional nanoparticles is still unclear. In this paper, the influence of molecular modification on the orientation of graphene nanosheets (GNS) in water was investigated through theoretical analyses and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Firstly, a new orientation angle model was proposed, which considers hydration effects, dipole moments and resistance torque. Then, MD simulations were conducted to investigate the effects of position, direction, type, and number of functional groups on the orientation of GNS. The trend observed in MD simulations is consistent with the proposed theoretical model. The results reveal that, under the combined influence of the dipole moment and hydration effects, the modification with hydrophilic functional groups can reduce the orientation angle from 21.31° to 8.34°, while the modification with hydrophobic functional groups increases it to 26.43°. Among the hydrophilic functional groups, orientation of hydroxylated GNS is the best. With an increase in the number of hydroxyl groups, orientation angle is decreased from 12.61° to 8.34°. This work can provide valuable guidance for the design of high-performance suspensions and composites, such as thermal smart materials with adjustable thermal conductivity and intelligent devices with tailored capabilities.

Effects of Inorganic Salts on the Phase Separation of Partially Miscible Solutes.

Partially miscible solutions with a lower critical solution temperature have promising applications in the field of physical chemistry. To better guide the utilization of these solutions in practice, we conduct an in-depth study about the phase separation behavior of the solution added with inorganic salts. The addition of the inorganic salts into the solution is found to consequently reduce the phase separation temperature. The variation of concentrations of inorganic salts does not notably affect the mass fraction of the separation. Moreover, the addition of inorganic salts in the solutions at lower mass fractions improves the separation mass fraction, while the addition of inorganic salts decreases the separation mass fraction at the mass fractions above 30%. It sheds light on selecting the proper mass fractions and inorganic salt concentrations. Furthermore, we explore the phase separation behavior of mixed solutions under different inorganic salt additions by means of a high-speed camera. The phase separation behavior under different inorganic salt systems shows a similar trend. However, calcium ions and Fe3+ ions in the solutions can greatly decrease the rate of droplet coalescence and result in an increase in phase separation. For better regulating the solutions with a lower critical solution temperature through inorganic salts, sodium chloride or potassium chloride is recommended with an appropriate concentration.

A review of disease risk prediction methods and applications in the omics era.

Risk prediction and disease prevention are the innovative care challenges of the 21st century. Apart from freeing the individual from the pain of disease, it will lead to low medical costs for society. Until very recently, risk assessments have ushered in a new era with the emergence of omics technologies, including genomics, transcriptomics, epigenomics, proteomics, and so on, which potentially advance the ability of biomarkers to aid prediction models. While risk prediction has achieved great success, there are still some challenges and limitations. We reviewed the general process of omics-based disease risk model construction and the applications in four typical diseases. Meanwhile, we highlighted the problems in current studies and explored the potential opportunities and challenges for future clinical practice.

Sulfarotene Inhibits Colorectal Cancer via Mitigating Natural-Killer-Cell-Induced Stemness.

Tumor cell stemness stands out as a pivotal factor driving tumor recurrence or metastasis and significantly contributes to the mortality of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Recent research has unveiled a link between immune-active cells and the induction of tumor cell stemness, ultimately leading to heightened resistance to treatment. In this study, stemness in CRC cell lines was assessed after co-culture with natural killer (NK) cells, both with and without sulfarotene administration. Furthermore, a CRC xenograft model was utilized to scrutinize the in vivo efficacy of sulfarotene in overcoming stemness induced by NK cell activation. As a result, CRC cells exhibited significant stemness after NK cell co-culture, as evidenced by the upregulation of several stemness markers associated with cancer stem cells. Moreover, these cells demonstrated remarkable resistance to commonly used chemotherapy agents for CRC, such as oxaliplatin and irinotecan. Importantly, sulfarotene effectively reversed the altered stemness of CRC cells in both in vitro and in vivo assays. In conclusion, sulfarotene emerges as a promising therapeutic strategy for overcoming colorectal cancer resistance to NK cells by effectively inhibiting stemness remodeling. This study underscores the potential of sulfarotene in augmenting NK-cell-mediated immune surveillance, proposing a novel immunotherapeutic approach against colorectal cancer.

Multicolor Photochemical Printing Inside Polymer Matrices for Advanced Photonic Anticounterfeiting.

Conventional security inks, generally directly printed on the data page surface, are vulnerable to counterfeiters, thereby raising the risk of chemical structural deciphering. In fact, polymer film-based data pages with customized patterns embedded within polymer matrix, rather than printed on the surface, emerge as a promising solution. Therefore, the key lies in developing fluorophores offering light dose-controlled fluorescent color inside polymer matrices. Though conventional fluorophores often suffer from photobleaching and uncontrolled photoreactions, disqualifying them for this purpose. Herein a diphenanthridinylfumaronitrile-based phototransformers (trans-D5) that undergoes photoisomerization and subsequent photocyclization during photopolymerization of the precursor, successively producing cis- and cyclo-D5 with stepwise redshifted solid-state emissions is developed. The resulting cyclo-D5 exhibits up to 172 nm emission redshift in rigidifying polymer matrices, while trans-D5 experiences a slightly blueshifted emission (≈28 nm), cis-D5 undergoes a modest redshift (≈14 nm). The markedly different rigidochromic behaviors of three D5 molecules within polymer matrices enable multicolor photochemical printing with a broad hue ranging from 38 to 10 via an anticlockwise direction in Munsell color space, yielding indecipherable fluorescent patterns in polymer films. This work provides a new method for document protection and implements advanced security features that are unattainable with conventional inks.

A Method for Prediction of High-Water-Production Areas in Coalbed Methane Blocks Based on γ Logging Data: A Case Study of the Taiyuan Formation in Liulin Area, Eastern Ordos Basin, China.

The roof aquifer of the Carboniferous Taiyuan Formation coal beds in the Liulin area severely restricts the development and utilization of coalbed methane (CBM). A method for quantitatively predicting high-water-production areas was established by analyzing the relationship between the geophysical logging data and water production. The results showed that the logging profile of the limestone aquifers in high-water-production wells was unique, with high acoustic velocity (AC), high γ-ray values (GR), and low resistivity (Rd). The developed pores and fractures in the roof limestone increase the interval transit time. The formation water in the pores and fractures of the roof limestone decreases the resistivity. The clay filling in the pores and fractures of the roof limestone originated from the dissolution product of limestone and hydrodynamic transportation, which resulted in increased GR values. Furthermore, the representative natural GR log data were used to calculate the clay content in limestone, which indicated that the clay content in limestone had a positive correlation with the water yield of the CBM wells. The water-bearing characteristics of roof limestone showed that the water content was higher in the northern area and decreased gradually toward the south. The method for predicting the high-water-production area was helpful for the CBM exploration and production.